Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a 6 kDa protein having three intramolecular disulfide bonds. The main function of the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is to promote cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation in various tissues. When EGF binds to its receptor, the EGF receptor (EGFR), it triggers a cascade of signaling events that activate intracellular pathways, such as the Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. These pathways regulate cellular processes such as DNA synthesis, cell cycle progression, cell migration, and survival.

EGF is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, such as wound healing, tissue repair, cancer, and inflammation. In wound healing and tissue repair, EGF stimulates the growth and migration of epithelial cells, essential for re-epithelializing injured tissues. EGF is often overexpressed or dysregulated in cancer, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.

EGF also plays a role in embryonic development, where it regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis. In addition, EGF has been shown to have potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of certain diseases, such as chronic wounds, ulcers, and dermatitis, where it can promote tissue regeneration and healing.